Chipperen: The Art of Facade Transformation

Chipperen is a Dutch word that translates to ‘chipping’ in English. Chipping is a decorative technique used to finish building facades, giving them an authentic and timeless look. This unique process involves the application of a thin, special mortar, allowing parts of the masonry and stonework to remain visible. Inspired by British architect David Chipperfield’s work in 2008, chippering has become a popular method for both modern and traditional architectural projects. Its growing trend can be seen in renovation projects, rural villas, and prestigious public buildings.

This technique offers more than just an aesthetic upgrade; it combines durability with a rich texture, creating facades that interact with light and weather to offer continuously changing appearances.

What Exactly is Chipping?

It is a type of facade treatment with a thin layer of mortar, but unlike traditional cementing, it does not entirely cover the surface. The beauty of this technique is that it leaves parts of the underlying brick or stone exposed. The texture and color of the mortar can be customized to complement or contrast the natural hues of the building materials, creating a seamless integration of old and new elements.

The mortar used in this process is specially formulated to be moisture-resistant, making it suitable for outdoor applications. However, it is important to note that this mortar type should not be used on non-absorbent or glazed stones, as the finish may not adhere properly.

The Changing Nature of a Chipped Facade

One of the unique aspects of a chipped facade is its dynamic nature. The appearance of the wall changes depending on lighting conditions and weather. In sunlight, the fine texture and variations in the mortar become more pronounced, while rainy weather may enhance the visibility of the stone underneath. This subtle interaction between the facade and its environment creates a constantly evolving aesthetic that feels alive and organic.

The versatility of this technique means it can be applied to both old and new bricks, giving it the ability to blend well with historic renovations or new builds. Whether applied partially to create visual lines or entirely to cover the surface, chippering offers a calm, modest look that adds character to any structure.

The Process: How Chipping Works

The technique involves applying the special mortar in varying thicknesses, usually only a few millimeters deep. The thickness of the application is key to achieving the desired look, as it allows the natural stone or brick to peek through in certain areas, creating a delicate balance between coverage and exposure.

This process can be customized further by shaping the mortar using a trowel, sponge, or brush. Different techniques produce different effects, from smooth finishes to more textured, rustic looks. The variations in thickness, combined with the intentional exposure of the stonework, result in a facade that feels crafted and unique.

The Origins of Chipperen

The name “chipperen” originated from the architectural works of David Chipperfield in Berlin. Chipperfield used this technique to finish two rough masonry buildings, giving them a raw yet refined appearance. The technique was further developed by manufacturers like Daas Baksteen (now Wienerberger), who created specialized mortars tailored to this method. These mortars are designed to have excellent adhesion, moisture retention, and ease of use.

Since its introduction, chippering has become a go-to method for architects and builders looking for a durable and aesthetically pleasing way to treat facades. Today, it is a favored technique for both rural new-build villas and urban renovations, offering a perfect blend of tradition and modernity.

Comparing Chipping to Other Techniques

Chipping is often compared to other decorative masonry techniques like limewashing, cementing, and veiled joints. While limewashing has been used for centuries and involves applying a thin layer of lime-based mortar to the facade, chippering allows for more exposure to the brickwork, creating a textured, layered appearance.

Unlike veiled joints, where the mortar is applied in a thin layer to cover the surface evenly, chippering adds more variety in thickness, allowing for greater artistic freedom. The result is a facade that is less uniform and more organic, with visible depth and character.

Where Can Chipper Be Used?

Chipper is highly versatile and can be applied to a wide range of building types. From rustic rural homes to urban commercial buildings, this method can enhance any structure. It works particularly well in renovations, where it can help to harmonize different types of brickwork, creating a unified look.

In addition to its aesthetic value, the technique also provides added protection for the building. The special mortar used in chippering is designed to be moisture-resistant, ensuring that the facade remains durable and resistant to harsh weather conditions.

The Importance of Proper Preparation

As with any facade treatment, proper preparation is essential for achieving the best results. Before the mortar is applied, the surface must be thoroughly cleaned and any loose or questionable materials removed. Windows, doors, and other areas that should not be treated are carefully taped off, and scaffolding tarps may be used to protect the facade from direct sunlight or strong winds during application.

A test surface is often recommended before applying chippering to an entire building. This allows the builder to adjust the technique and materials to ensure the desired outcome.

A Look at Chipping’s Modern Applications

In recent years, chippering has become increasingly popular in high-end residential designs and public buildings. Its ability to offer a sophisticated yet understated look appeals to those seeking something distinct yet timeless. Architects and designers often use this technique to bring a sense of harmony to buildings that feature different architectural elements.

From sleek, modern city buildings to rustic countryside homes, chippering provides a natural finish that adapts to its surroundings. The technique has been particularly successful in European architecture but is now finding its way into projects around the world.

Conclusion

Chipperen is more than just a facade treatment; it’s an art form that combines texture, light, and structure to create visually dynamic surfaces. Its subtle charm, combined with the ability to blend traditional and modern elements, makes it a preferred choice for both residential and commercial buildings. By offering flexibility in both design and application, this decorative technique continues to inspire architects and builders globally.

FAQs:

What is Chipping, and how does it differ from cementing?

Chippering is a decorative technique where a thin layer of special mortar is applied, leaving parts of the underlying stone or brick exposed. Unlike cementing, which completely covers the surface, chippering allows the natural materials to peek through, creating a more textured and layered appearance.

What materials can chipper mortar be applied to?

Chipper mortar is ideal for absorbent materials like brick and stone. However, it should not be applied to non-absorbent surfaces such as glazed stones or hydrophobized facades, as the mortar may not adhere properly.

Can chippering be used on new and old buildings?

Yes, chippering can be applied to both new and old buildings. It works well on a variety of surfaces, making it a versatile option for both modern constructions and historic renovations.

Does chippering offer any weather protection?

The special mortar used in chippering is moisture-resistant, providing added protection against weather conditions. This helps preserve the facade’s appearance and durability over time.

How is the chipper mortar applied?

The mortar is applied in varying thicknesses using tools like trowels, sponges, and brushes. This allows for customization, giving each facade a unique look where parts of the brickwork or stone are exposed to create depth and texture.